Which term describes the study of the physical structure of the body and its components?

The study of the physical structure of the body and its components is referred to as anatomy. This field is foundational in understanding how various organs and systems are structured and how they relate to one another within the body. Anatomy encompasses everything from the macroscopic structures visible to the naked eye, such as organs and limbs, to microscopic structures, including cells and tissues.

While physiology is the study of how these structures function, histology focuses specifically on the microscopic anatomy of cells and tissues. Pathology, on the other hand, typically involves the study of diseases and the structural changes that occur in tissues as a result of those diseases. Thus, anatomy distinctly pertains to the physical aspects and organization of the body's components.