Which abnormal breathing pattern is characterized by deep, rapid breathing due to increased intracranial pressure?

Central neurogenic hyperventilation is characterized by deep, rapid breathing, often resulting from increased intracranial pressure or significant brain injury. This hyperventilation arises from dysfunction in the brain's respiratory centers, typically located in the medulla and pons, which can be influenced by changes in intracranial pressure.

When intracranial pressure increases, it can stimulate these respiratory centers, leading to a hyperventilatory state. As a result, the individual may exhibit a breathing pattern that is both deep and rapid, effectively lowering carbon dioxide levels in the blood and raising blood pH, which are common physiological responses to this situation.

Other breathing patterns mentioned do not specifically align with the characteristics described. Kussmaul respirations, for instance, involve deep, labored breathing typically seen in metabolic acidosis, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis, rather than being directly linked to increased intracranial pressure. Cheyne-Stokes respirations are marked by a cyclical pattern of breath that progressively increases and then decreases in depth and are often seen in conditions such as heart failure or strokes. Hyperventilation refers more generally to an increased rate of breathing without specifically implying the patterns linked to intracranial pressure.