What is the primary cause of delirium tremens?

Delirium tremens, often referred to as DTs, is a severe form of alcohol withdrawal that typically occurs in individuals who have a history of chronic alcohol use. The primary cause of delirium tremens is withdrawal from ethyl alcohol, which leads to significant alterations in the brain's neurochemistry and functioning. When a person who has developed a physical dependence on alcohol suddenly stops or reduces their consumption, their body reacts to the absence of the substance. This can result in a range of symptoms, including tremors, agitation, hallucinations, and confusion.

The condition typically begins 48 to 72 hours after the last drink but can manifest as late as a week after withdrawal starts. It is characterized by a life-threatening state that includes severe autonomic instability, hyperactivity, and disturbances in consciousness, making it a medical emergency. Proper symptom management and supportive care are critical during this period.

Understanding withdrawal from ethyl alcohol as the cause of delirium tremens emphasizes the importance of recognizing alcohol dependence in patients and addressing their withdrawal symptoms proactively in emergency care settings.