What is the medical term for swelling of the brain?

Cerebral edema refers specifically to the accumulation of excess fluid within the brain tissue, leading to swelling. This condition can occur as a result of various factors such as injury, infection, or disease, and it can increase intracranial pressure, potentially leading to serious complications if not managed properly. Recognizing cerebral edema is crucial in emergency and critical care settings, as prompt treatment can help mitigate further neurological damage and improve patient outcomes.

The other terms listed refer to different conditions: cerebral hemorrhage involves bleeding within the brain, cerebral infarction is related to the obstruction of blood flow leading to tissue death, and cerebral atrophy pertains to the loss of neurons and the connections between them, which is indicative of degeneration rather than swelling. Understanding these distinctions helps in the assessment and treatment of neurological emergencies.